April 2009

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Two battery manufacturers with offices in Michigan have announced plans to build factories in the beleaguered state. LG Chem-Compact Power and A123 Systems will build two of the four expected lithium battery plants to come to Michigan in the near future. The other two waiting in the wings are Johnson Controls-Saft Advanced Power Solutions and KD Advanced Battery Group.

The A123 plant will be the bigger of the two, with $600 million in seed money and more than 5,000 positions expected to be filled. Compact Power’s plant gets a $200 million investment to create about 300 jobs. Both companies will recieve $125-million tax credits from the state as a thank-you.

Toyota announced the pricing for the third generation of its popular hybrid, the 2010 Toyota Prius. When it goes on sale in late May, the car will start at $22,750, including destination charges. A bare-bones version will be available later for a thousand dollars less.

The 2010 Honda Insight, which went on sale at the end of March, was said to be less expensive than the new Prius, and so it is. The Insight starts at $20,470, including destination charges. Honda has made a big deal out of pricing the Insight at under $20k, but there’s no getting around those shipping fees on a brand-new car.

Here’s how the 2010 Toyota Prius pricing breaks down, according to Consumer Reports:

  • $21,750 for the stripped-down edition, available later in 2009
  • $22,750 for the standard Prius with push-button start and more
  • $23,750 gets you Bluetooth and a couple other techy items
  • $26,570 adds leather interior, heated seats, and other niceties to the Prius
  • $28,020 is the top of the line, with LED lights and other exterior upgrades

Photo by Kristen Hall-Geisler.

Corvette races on E85 ethanol, Audi runs on diesel, and F1 cars are getting regenerative braking, but none of them have anything on the WorldFirst racecar. The U.K.-based Warwick Innovative Manufacturing Research Center has created an F3-class racecar from sustainable and renewable materials.

A sampling of the veggie-based goodness found in the car:

  • Front spoiler and side mirrors made from a potato starch core and flax-fiber shell
  • Steering wheel that uses a polymer derived from carrots and other root vegetables
  • Seat with a soybean oil foam and recycled polyester fabric
  • Plant-based lubricants
  • 2-liter turbo engine running on biodiesel
  • “Smog-eating” radiators coated with a catalyst that turns ozone into oxygen
  • Non-carbon disc brakes and — coming soon — cashew shell brake pads

Kulongoske and i MiEV

Ted Kulongoski, Governor of Oregon, John Koenig of Mistubishi Motors North America, and Jim Piro, head of electric utility PGE all took the podium on Earth Day to announce Oregon’s partnership with Mistubishi to establish a statewide network of charging stations. Presumably, these stations will be used by Mitsubishi’s i MiEV fleet when they come to Oregon for testing later this year.

Piro and Kulongoski both interated that Oregon is moving away from fossil fuel power, with the idea of emissions-free driving at the source and from the tailpipe (metaphorically, of course. EVs don’t have tailpipes). The region PGE serves is already number one in purchasing renewable power, so it seems hearts and minds of its customers have already been won over.

Kulongoski also said he was working with the federal Department of Transportation on greening the interstates. He’d like to see quick chargers at rest stops along Interstates 5 and 84 in Oregon, and apparently the U.S. government hasn’t shut down the idea completely.

Image of Gov. Kulongoski with i MiEV and charger by Kristen Hall-Geisler.

The brand-new Honda Insight is a big improvement, design-wise, over its predecessor. Granted, the aerodynamic shape has become familiar to us by now, thanks to the original Insight (with its covered wheels) and the uber-popular Toytoa Prius. But it’s got some moves of its own worth noting.

First is the informative dash. How do you want your information? Honda allows the driver to select what kind of input he receives, from current average miles per gallon to fuel economy for the last few trips. A glowing backlight behind the heads-up speedometer ranges from bright green to bright blue, depending on how hard you’re pushing the engine.

The Honda Insight isn’t a “true” gasoline electric hybrid, though it does have both a gasoline engine and a battery-powered motor. The difference is that the electric motor can only assist the gas engine; it can’t run on electric power alone, as the Prius or the Ford Escape can. Still, I managed a respecatble 44 mpg over about 100 miles of all-city driving.

Granted, the car itself helped me toward better fuel economy. I had the “Econ” button pushed nearly the entire time, which maximizes mpgs by regulating engine power and accessories. When I turned off the “Econ” mode, the gains in power and zip didn’t outweigh the gas-saving measures.

My only real complaint about the car is the split rear window. In the week I had the Insight, I never got used to the clear top window, pink-tinted lower window, and wide plastic bar between the two. A zippy car it’s not, but with a starting price just below $20,000 (not including destination charges or any federal or state incentives), it could be a game-changer in consumer’s minds.

Photos by Kristen Hall-Geisler.

This car was provided for review by the manufacturer at no cost to the reviewer.

Chrysler gives the U.S. a present for Earth Day: the adorable Peapod debuts today, adding a dose of design to the neighborhood electric vehicle segment.

NEVs, as these little cars are known, aren’t quick, with a top speed of about 25 mph and a range of 40 miles or less. It’s enough for most commuters, with the bonus of zero emissions and potentially low-impact fuel, if the electricity used to charge the batteries comes from clean sources like wind farms.

The Peapod in particular will have four seats (though I’m betting only two of them are usable by humans), be available in seven colors, and be available for purchase in October at $12,500. Again, this puts it right in line with other NEVs on the market, like cars from ZENN and ZAP.

The Peapod Mobility Project comes out of Chrysler’s old GEM electric vehicle group, which is headquartered in Fargo, North Dakota. The smiling Peapod will be manufactured at GEM HQ, making it a made-in-the-USA EV. Happy Earth Day!

There’s a rumor that Jaguar, which is owned now by Indian motor company Tata, will debut a plug-in hybrid version of its next-generation XJ four-door sedan. According to Autocar, a British magazine, the technology will be similar to the Chevy Volt (or Opel Ampera, if you’re in the European Union), with batteries that can be recharged by either plugging in or by a small, on-board, gasoline-powered engine.

Jaguar was granted a loan of more than 300 million pounds for developing green technology by the European Union. It’s worked with outside engineers on the PHEV project, including Lotus Engineering, to put the car into production by 2011. This dovetails with Jaguar’s plan to reduce its emissions by 25% by 2012.

In its latest round of investments, Fisker Automotive managed to get $85 million in venture capital for the development and manufacture of its plug-in hybrid vehicles. The company’s first production car, the 2010 Fisker Karma, is expected to roll out of the factory and onto the street in late 2009 with a price tag near $90,000 — before tax credits.

The wads and wads of cash come from Eco-Drive (Capital) Partners of New York, which is an investment consortium with members from the U.S. and Europe, and from early Fisker investor Kleiner Perkins Caufield and Byers.

Company founder and CEO Henrik Fisker will take part in the Fortune Brainstorm Green Conference in Laguna Niguel, California, this week. The symposium will include keynote speaker President Bill Clinton and the “Future of Cars” panel, which is where Fisker will share his ideas on the autos to come, along with Ford Executive Chairman Bill Ford Jr. and Ford CEO Alan Mulally.

Last month, the finalists for World Green Car were announced, and now we have a winner: the Honda FCX Clarity. It beat out the Mitsubishi i MiEV and Toyota iQ for the title at the 2009 New York Auto Show.

Currently, the hydrogen fuel-cell-powered Clarity is only available for lease in California. The i MiEV and iQ are available in Japan, though Mitsubishi’s little EV is hell-bent on global domination.

Past winners of the World Green Car have been:

Photo by Kristen Hall-Geisler.

Those few of you who joined me in watching “Arrested Development,” the short-lived sitcom on Fox a few years ago, will remember that magician Gob Bluth’s dorkiness was enhanced by his piloting a Segway around town. Well, GM and Segway apparently didn’t want the Gobs of the world to be alone any longer: they have teamed up to create a two-person Segway concept called the P.U.M.A.

Project P.U.M.A. stands for Personal Urban Mobility and Accessibility, and it’s been all over the Internets lately. The two occupents of the vehicle are seated, rather than having to stand, and it’s capable of going 35 mph for about 35 miles, similar to many neighborhood electric vehicles.

Here are the P.U.M.A.’s dork credentials:

  • An acronym for a name
  • A small set of front wheels — training wheels, if you will — for stability when stopped
  • Video-game-style steering apparatus
  • Upright pod design (the yellow stripes on the concept do not help)
  • No room for anything but the two dorks inside and their iPhones

As this is an experimental vehicle, no price has been set, and this is likely not its final form (though it’s probably pretty close). GM and Segway hope to bring the P.U.M.A. to market in 2012. God help us.

Now that I have made my feelings clear on what is likely a breakthrough in both technology and heights of dorkitude, make your feelings known in the comments.

The 2009 Audi Q7 TDI is being billed as “the world’s cleanest diesel SUV,” with 50-state emissions compliance and 17 city/25 highway fuel economy. It’s not cheap to buy race-proven diesel technology in an SUV, though: the Q7 TDI starts at $50,900. This doesn’t include the $825 destination charge, but it also doesn’t factor in the $1,150 Alternative Motor Vehicle Credit from the IRS.

In addition to getting 600 miles per tank, the diesel engine delivers significantly more torque, which is useful for those who actually utilize their sports utility vehicles, say, when climbing a steep hill. The Q7 also produces 25% less carbon dioxide than gasoline engines and emits 90% fewer nitrogen oxides than the stinky, old diesels of yore, according to Audi.

The Mitsubishi i MiEV may seem like an cute, innocent, egg-like electric vehicle, but recent events show that it has an iron will inside that adorable shape.

On March 27, Mitsubishi announced that it had signed a Memorandum of Understanding with one of the swankiest cities on Earth, Monaco. Beginning in late 2009, the company will provide a fleet of i MiEVs to Monaco’s post office, telecom office, and its famous hotels and casinos. The fleet will be testing the car’s “real-world” usability in Monaco, and will eventually include left-hand drive models. (All current i MiEVs are right-hand drive, since they’re built for the Japanese market.)

On April 6, Mitsubishi and Vancouver, B.C., signed an MoU for one car to be added to the city’s official fleet, and one to be added to the power company’s. The city — Canada’s first to participate in Mitsu’s program — could get more i MiEVs as they become available.

No city is safe from the pint-sized EV’s diabolical plans to clean up the atmosphere, not even my own Portland, Oregon. The State of Oregon signed an MoU with Mistubishi on April 10, while local power company PGE signed a Letter of Intent to test the i MiEV. The company is already working to establish a charging network in anticipation of mass-market electric cars.

These three test fleets are in addition to the i MiEV’s presence in Japan, New Zealand, Australia, California, and Europe. The car will actually go on sale for the first time — after obviously extensive on-street testing — in Japan this summer.

Mercedes-Benz F-CELL

Dozens of junior-level Mercedes-Benz employees and students in Germany worked together for a year to create the F-CELL Roadster project, a fuel cell-powered open car. The project was designed to give the trainees hands-on experience with developing alternative-fuel vehicles.

The spoked wheels of the design project reference the earliest Benzes of the late 1800s, while the seats are thoroughly modern carbon fiber with hand-stitched leather upholstery. It’s got a joystick in place of a steering wheel (a hallmark of any “car of the future” destined to never see production) and the fuel-cell system in the rear. The F-CELL has a top speed of 15 mph, but a range of over 200 miles.

It would be a miracle if the F-CELL ever reached the market, as it was intended as an in-house learning experience, but it’s just these kinds of projects that are going to expand the availability and viability of alternative fuels in the near future.

Daimler’s Car2Go program, which it launched in Germany last week, may come stateside — to Austin, Texas, no less, where they like to keep it weird. The company plans on bringing 200 Smart ForTwos to the Texas town and making them available to subscribers 24-7.

Cars can be prebooked or used on-the-spot, if it’s not already spoken for. Car2Go members use a smart card and PIN to access the cars, then pay about 25 cents a minute to tool about town, which includes gas. Hourly and day rates are available too, according to a post in the New York Times’ Wheels blog.

Austin city employees will get first crack at the system this fall.

Image of the Smart ForTwo at the 2009 Detroit Auto Show by Kristen Hall-Geisler.

On Monday, Chrysler announced that A123 would supply the lithium-ion batteries for the forthcoming line of EVs from its ENVI division. There are five vehicles in the lineup, including a Lotus-based sports car and a minivan, but there’s no word yet on which one will be the bell of the EV debut ball next year.

One of the partnership’s selling points is that both companies are U.S.-based, making it easier for early adopters to buy American when it comes to alternative fuels. Of course, the viability of Chrysler will have an impact on whether any of the ENVI project can move forward, but forging this kind of alliance and promising to bring an EV to market by 2010 show chutzpah on Chrysler’s part.

Photo of the Dodge Circuit EV at the 2009 Detroit Auto Show by Kristen Hall-Geisler.

On March 26, President Barack Obama pushed new fuel economy regulations for 2011 through the Department of Transportation. The regulations give some teeth to an initiative begun by the Bush administration to reduce emissions and our dependence on foreign oil.

The new standards were drafted quickly to give automakers time to retool production lines to meet the requirements. The 2011 model year was targeted so that the accelerated standards could be implemented quickly while not affecting the aggressive plans Obama has for future fuel economy and emissions standards.

Here’s how the mpgs will play out in 2011:

  • Passenger cars (sedans, compacts, etc.) must average 30.2 mpg
  • Light trucks (pickups, SUVs, etc.) must average 24.1 mpg
  • National fuel savings: 900 million gallons
  • Cost to the auto industry: $1.4 billion

These are small increases — smaller even than in the Bush proposal — that are expected to be met with little drama by embattled U.S. auto makers. Keep an eye on California, though, as it’s allowed to set its own fuel economy standards in the next few months, along with any other state that should fancy cleaner air and less time at the gas station.

The state of Oregon issued an RFP (request for proposals) last week asking for companies that make public electric-car charging stations to submit their systems for consideration in the state’s green transportation plans. The state already has a bunch of stations, mostly in the Portland metro area, but it wants to increase that number to hundreds and spread the EV love as far and wide as possible.

The Oregon Department of Transportation was authorized to ramp up the curbside charging program last November, including standardizing the look, performance, and safety of the chargers. Also, they’d like to buy in bulk to make things easy, so charging stations built by hand in the family garage likely aren’t going to cut it.

The chargers won’t be limited to curbside parking. ODOT envisions them at park-and-ride locations, retail parking lots, and motor pools, among others. Of course, Good Green Cars already covered the unveiling of a curbside charger in Oregon City last fall.

When automakers have a new technology, they like to test it in the real world with real drivers — who pay for the guinea pig privelege. A few dozen cars are built and leased to forward-thinking drivers, usually in L.A. Those people will try anything. The EV1 was a disastrous example of this; the Honda Clarity hydrogen vehicle a more successful one (so far).

Mazda is giving the guinea pigs a shot at its new hybrid minivan, the RX-8 Hydrogen RE, to corporate fleet customers in Japan. The RX-8 is Mazda’s rotary engine, which has in this instance been modified to use gasoline or hydrogen fuel at the flick of a switch. It’s the first leased vehicle in the world to be able to use either type of fuel, according to the company.

Tata Nano

After much drama — will it be built? where? can it really be sold for so cheap? what about the rioting workers? the abandoned first factory? — the Tata Nano made its world debut at the Taj Hotel in Mumbai last week. Tata Motors kept its promise of offering the car at a $2000 starting price.

So finally, now that its in production and ready to roll, what will the citizens of India get for their 100,000 rupees?

  • 632-cc, 2-cylinder engine
  • 30 horsepower
  • 1 windshield wiper (for one tiny windshield)
  • 12″ steel rims
  • Optional power steering and power brakes
  • No airbags, ABS, or radio — not even as options

The car will hit showrooms in April, according to a New York Times blog post, where buyers can spend $6 to register to buy the car. Deliveries are scheduled to begin in July. There are plans to bring the tiny car to the U.S., but it would need a LOT of safety upgrades to be street legal here — real bumpers, for example.

2009 Nissan Versa

The 2009 Nissan Versa 1.8 S hatchback I tested for a week was cute, bare-bones, fairly cheap — and it got fantastic gas mileage. Really. Here’s how my week went:

The car was a bright-blue hatchback, with bubbly corners and lights. The first thing I noticed was that I had to use the key to get in. No remote keyless entrey here. Seats were manual, windows were manual, locks were manual. It had a basic stereo with decent-enough speakers, and enough room for me but the knees of tall passengers were up against the glovebox. We didn’t try the rear seat.

Without a couple extras like the ABS package, this car could be had for $13,990. As tested, it cost $15,200, which seemed a tad spendy to me for such a Spartan little econobox.

Then, the night before the Versa was to leave my hands, I pulled into the gas station to top it off. I’d driven just over 100 miles almost entirely on surface streets, which used about a quarter tank’s worth of gas. I took my receipt, did the math, and came up with a whopping 32 mpg — on streets! No highway trips this week, no cruise control. With stops and starts and traffic included (though no serious snarls), I got the EPA’s upper estimate for the Versa.

This is the car for people who don’t care what they drive as long as it’s cheap, it’s safe, and it sips gas.

  • 2009 Nissan Versa 1.8 S HB
  • As tested: $15,200, including destination charge
  • 1.8L four-cylinder engine, EPA rated 24 mpg city, 32 mpg highway
  • 6.8 tons of carbon dioxide emitted annually

This car was provided for review by the manufacturer at no cost to the reviewer.